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Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are organobromine compounds that have an inhibitory effect on combustion chemistry and tend to reduce the flammability of products containing them. Of all the commercialized chemical flame retardants, the brominated variety are widely used (19.7% of the market). They are effective in plastics and textile applications, e.g. electronics, clothes and furniture. ==Types of compounds== Many different BFRs are produced synthetically with widely varying chemical properties. There are several groups:〔Michael J. Dagani, Henry J. Barda, Theodore J. Benya, David C. Sanders "Bromine Compounds" Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. 〕 * Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs): DecaBDE, OctaBDE (not manufactured anymore), PentaBDE (not manufactured anymore, the first BFR, commercialized in the 1950s) * Polybrominated biphenyl (PBB), not manufactured anymore * Brominated cyclohydrocarbons * Other brominated flame retardants with different properties and mechanisms Decabromodiphenyl ether (''Deca-BDE'' or ''DeBDE'') - In August 2012, the UK authorities proposed decabromodiphenyl ether (Deca-BDE or DeBDE) as a candidate for Authorisation under the EU‘s regulatory regime on chemicals, REACH. On 5 July 2013 ECHA withdrew Deca-BDE from its list of priority substances for Authorisation under REACH, therefore closing the public consultation. On 1 August 2014, ECHA submitted a restriction proposal for Deca-BDE. The agency is proposing a restriction on the manufacture, use and placing on the market of the substance and of mixtures and articles containing it. On 17 September 2014, ECHA submitted the restriction report which initiates a six months public consultation. A decision could be adopted by mid-2016. Hexabromocyclododecane (''HBCD'' or ''HBCDD'') is a ring consisting of twelve carbon atoms with six bromine atoms tied to the ring. The commercially used HBCD is in fact a mixture of different isomers. HBCD is toxic to water-living organisms. The UNEP Stockholm Convention has listed HBCD for elimination, but allowing a temporary exemption for the use in polystyrene insulation foams in buildings.〔The final decision is available on the UNEP Stockholm Convention website here: http://chm.pops.int/Convention/ConferenceoftheParties(COP)/Decisions/tabid/208/Default.aspx〕 Tetrabromobisphenol A (''TBBPA'' or ''TBBP-A'') is regarded as toxic to water environment. This flame retardant is mainly used in printed circuit boards, as a reactive. Since TBBPA is chemically bound to the resin of the printed circuit board, it is less easily released than the loosely applied mixtures in foams such that an EU risk assessment concluded in 2005 that TBBPA poses no risk to human health in that application.〔EU Risk Assessment Report (2006) http://www.bsef.com/uploads/library/final_tbbpa_human_health_report.pdf〕 TBBPA is also used as an additive in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「brominated flame retardant」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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